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Sulphuric Acid on the WebTM Technical Manual DKL Engineering, Inc.

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Sulphuric Acid on the Web

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Handbook of Sulphuric Acid Manufacturing
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Acid Plant Database   July 16, 2022

Owner Lotus Resources Limited

Location Northern Malawi
52 km west of Karonga
Background Wholly owned subsidiary of Paladin Energy Limited  Paladin-Energy-Logo.jpg (3074 bytes)
Paladin (Africa) Limited
  www.paladinenergy.com.au

Ownership:
85% Paladin
15% Malawi Government1980’s – Central Electricity Generating Board of Great Britain (CEGB) discovered the uranium deposit

1998 – Paladin acquires the project from Balmain Resources Pty Ltd.
2008 – Open pit mining begins
2009 – Mine officially opened
2020 - Sold to Lily Resources (20%) and Lotus Resources (65%).  Malawi Government (15%)
2021 - Lotus acquires Lily Resources sharea
Website www.lotusresources.com.au
Plant Kayelekera Uranium Mine
Coordinates* 9° 59' 43" S, 33° 42' 4" E (site)
Type of Plant Sulphur Burning
Gas Source Elemental Sulphur
Plant Capacity 200 MTPD
SA/DA DA
Emissions -
Status 2014 - Care and maintenance due to low uranium prices
Year Built 2009
Technology Outotec
Contractor E+PC Engineering & Projects Company
Remarks Plant was supplied skid mounted
Pictures Paladin-Africa-1.jpg (175556 bytes)  Paladin-2.bmp (410454 bytes)  Paladin-3.bmp (410454 bytes)  Paladin-Map.bmp (649254 bytes)  Paladin-Africa-2.jpg (20029 bytes)
General -
References -
News March 26, 2021 - Australia-based mineral exploration firm Lotus Resources has signed an agreement with Kayelekera Resources to increase its ownership stake in the Malawi-based Kayelekera uranium project to 85%.  Lotus will exercise its option to acquire a 20% stake in the project through the purchase of all Kayelekera Resources’ shares in Lily Resources, which is a joint venture between Kayelekera Resources and Lotus.  Lotus, as a consideration, will issue 226.4 million of its shares to Kayelekera Resources to acquire the latter’s interest in Lily Resources.  The remaining 15% interest in the Kayelekera project is held by the Government of Malawi.  Lotus chairperson Michael Bowen said: “Kayelekera is one of only a small number of uranium projects with a demonstrated track record of operations, having operated successfully from 2009 to 2014, when it produced almost 11-million pounds of uranium oxide.  “Consolidating the ownership of Kayelekera is an important milestone for the company as it positions for a recommencement of operations in an improving price environment.  “With work on the restart feasibility progressing, the increase in ownership comes at a time when the uranium price and sentiment in the industry are improving due to an impending supply deficit. As a proven uranium producer, Lotus is well placed.”  Last year, Paladin Energy divested its complete stake in the Kayelekera uranium project to Lotus Resources and Lily Resources.  Through the deal, Lotus Resources acquired a 65% stake while Lily Resources acquired a 20% stake in the project.

March 16, 2020
- Australia-based uranium production company, Paladin Energy has completed the sale of Kayelekera uranium project located in Malawi to Lotus Resources and Lily Resources.  Through the deal, Lotus Resources has acquired 65% stake, while Lily Resources has acquired 20% stake in the project.  Located in northern Malawi, 52km west (by road) of the provincial town of Karonga and 12 km south of the main road, the project hosts resource with an existing open pit mine and demonstrated metallurgical recoveries.  The payment of A$5m ($3m), consisting of A$200k ($123.6k) in the form of cash has already been received by Paladin and a A$4.8M in Lotus Resources shares will be issued to uranium production company.  Paladin CEO Ian Purdy said: “The completion of the sale is a positive step forward for Paladin and one which will deliver significant financial benefits to the company.  “We can now prioritise our efforts and resources on maximising the value of our world class Langer Heinrich operation.  “We are also pleased to be a major shareholder of Lotus Resources Limited and look forward to their future success in adding value to the Kayelekera mine in Malawi.” Under the terms of the agreement, Paladin will pay Lotus $2m to fund planned site restoration including water treatment in recognition of the recent record rainfall at the Kayelekera operations.

March 16, 2020 - Australian-based exploration company Lotus Resources Ltd has completed the acquisition of the Kayelekera Uranium Mine in Malawi from Paladin Energy. The mine produced 10.9 million pounds of uranium (4193 tU) from 2009 to 2014 but has been on care and maintenance since then.  Paladin said on 13 March it had completed the sale of its 85% interest in Paladin (Africa) Ltd to Lotus Resources (65%) and Lily Resources Pty Ltd (20%). Lotus - formerly Hylea Metals Limited - holds 76.5% of the shares in Lily with Kayelekera Resources Pty Ltd holding 23.5%, giving Kayelekera Resources Pty Ltd an indirect 20% interest in the Kayelekera project. The remaining 15% of shares in Paladin (Africa) Ltd are held by the Malawi government.  Paladin is to receive AUD5 million (USD3.1 million), made up of AUD200,000 in cash and AUD4.8 million in Lotus Resources Limited shares - AUD1.8 million on completion and AUD3 million on the third anniversary of completion of the transaction. It will also receive a 3.5% royalty based on revenues derived from future production at Kayelekera, capped at AUD5 million. Paladin will pay Lotus USD2 million to fund planned site restoration including water treatment. This is in recognition of recent record rainfall at the Kayelekera operations, Paladin said.  Paladin CEO Ian Purdy said the sale would deliver significant financial benefits to the company. "We can now prioritise our efforts and resources on maximising the value of our world class Langer Heinrich operation," he said. "We are also pleased to be a major shareholder of Lotus Resources Limited and look forward to their future success in adding value to the Kayelekera mine in Malawi."  Paladin permitted, constructed, commissioned and operated the open pit mine at Kayelekera until it was placed on care and maintenance due to consistently low uranium spot prices. The mine has 31 million pounds U3O8 of remaining resources. It has a 75% stake in the Langer Heinrich uranium mine in Namibia, where production was suspended in 2018 on to low uranium prices. That mine could return to production within 12 months of a restart decision and favourable market conditions, the company said last October, following completion of a restart pre-feasibility study. https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Malawi-uranium-mine-sale-completed

February 7, 2014 - The low price of uranium is more than some can handle. Australia’s Paladin Energy announced late Friday afternoon that it would suspend operations at its Kayelekera mine in Malawi.  “The suspension will involve placing the Operation on care and maintenance until the price of uranium recovers,” the company wrote in a news release. “This decision will preserve the remaining ore body until a sustained price recovery occurs and Paladin determines that production may be resumed on a profitable basis.”  Paladin has notified the Malawi government – a 15% share holder – of its decision.  Two factors influenced the decision, Paladin explained.  “The continuing depressed price for uranium oxide, which has been severely negatively impacted since March 2011 following the nuclear reactor damage caused by the Fukushima earthquake and tsunami; and the unsustainable cash demand to maintain the loss:making Operation at KM.”  CEO John Borshoff said it would be in the best long-term interest of all stakeholders and that Paladin would only resume operations once it becomes profitable to do so.  Following the Fukushima diaster, uranium prices tanked, dropping from a spot price of around $72 per pound to $35 at present.  Kayelekera has not been breaking even despite performing “exceptionally well technically,” Borshoff said.  The move will render many jobs redundant and the retrenchment process has begun.  “Retrenched national employees will receive generous redundancy packages that exceed Malawi’s minimum legal requirements,” Paladin wrote.  The financial impact on the company will include an impairment charge of approximately $32 million. Though the financial impact on Paladin’s balance sheet will be immaterial because the value of the mine has already been written down to zero. The company took a $180 million write down on the project in August last year.


October 3, 2011
-
Paladin Energy Ltd advises that the Kayelekera Mine processing plant has been shut down temporarily to allow replenishment of necessary operational sulphuric acid inventories. As previously announced on the 7th and 16th of September the acid plant has been undergoing remedial repair work made necessary due to localised ground movement and will have an earlier than previously planned re-start. To prepare the acid plant for this start- up, a minimum of 1,600 tonnes of free acid is required to facilitate the recommencement of this facility.  The early restart of the acid plant is regarded as a positive outcome, however, it is not possible to run the processing plant and at the same time restore acid stocks to sufficient levels with delays in recent acid deliveries to site. The shutdown of the processing plant will allow required acid stocks to be restored for the earlier start-up of the acid plant.  The acid plant is now expected to commence production on the 7th October, one week ahead of schedule. The uranium processing plant will then come back on line approximately 7 days later when the acid plant achieves its nameplate production of 230 tonnes per day and replenishes inventories.  The processing plant has been running well since the September announcements were made, with leach recovery averaging 85%, resin-in-pulp (RIP) recovery averaging 97% and overall recovery averaging 81%. No further delays are expected once required acid production is re-established.

2009 - The ramp-up phase is progressing well to date and the ramp-up schedule is being maintained with nameplate production anticipated to be reached by January 2010.  The plant has demonstrated full capability to operate throughout its flowsheet and mineralised ore was introduced into the circuit with the first drummed product produced in mid April.  Inline with the original schedule, sulphuric acid is currently being trucked to site and stored in the completed bulk acid storage facility for use until the sulphuric acid plant becomes fully operational in late June 2009.

MTPD - Metric Tonne per Day           STPD - Short Ton per Day
MTPA - Metric Tonne per Annum      STPA - Short Ton per Annum
SA - Single Absorption
DA - Double Absorption
 

* Coordinates can be used to locate plant on Google Earth